Avoiding Student Writing Dependence
A s far back as 1976 the legendary Donald Graves was writing and railing against what he called the ‘Writing Welfare System’ where student writers become dependent on their teachers. G raves strongly opposed teaching of writing where the teacher controlled all phases of the process and consequently controlled the writer’s voice. I t concerned Graves that student writers felt an implied pressure to make their voices the same as their teachers. All authority for the writing rested with the teacher. In such circumstances Graves observed, the student writer relies entirely on the teacher’s decisions regarding: The need to write When to write What to write To whom they should write How to write How the writing should be judged G raves noted that teachers were seldom aware when they were encouraging thinking that closely matched their own. They were unwittingly extinguishing divergent thinking and originality. I n such circumstances the student writer has no reason to initiate rehea